Investing in managed futures strategies can involve substantial risks.
Listed below are some of the major risks of investing in a managed futures
strategy. This means that this list should not be considered exhaustive.
Trading Decisions Are Based On Trends And Technical Analysis:
The buy and sell signals generated by a managed futures trend-following
trading strategy may be based upon a study of actual daily, weekly, and
monthly price fluctuations, volume variations and changes in open interest
in the markets. The profitability of any trend-following trading strategy
depends upon the occurrence in the future of significant, sustained price
moves in some of the markets traded.
The managed futures manager can incur substantial trading losses:
- during periods when markets are dominated by fundamental factors
(ex. economic factors) that are not reflected in the technical data;
- during prolonged periods without sustained moves in one or more of
the markets traded; or
- during ’whip-saw’ markets, in which potential prices trends
start to develop but reverse before actual trends are realized.
Past history has shown that there have been prolonged periods without
sustained price moves in various futures markets. In all likelihood,
such periods will recur. A series of volatile reverses in price trends
can generate repeated entry and exit signals in trend-following systems,
resulting in unprofitable transactions as well as increased brokerage
commission expenses.
Futures Markets Are Volatile And Difficult To Predict:
Trading in futures is a speculative activity. Futures prices are
often highly volatile. Market prices are frequently difficult to predict
and are influenced by many factors, including:
- changes in interest rates;
- governmental, agricultural, trade, fiscal, monetary and exchange
control programs and policies;
- weather and climate conditions;
- changing supply and demand relationships;
- national and international political and economic events; and
- the changing philosophies and emotions of market participants.
In addition, governments have been known to intervene in
particular markets from time to time, both directly and by
regulation, often with the intent to influence prices. The effects
of government intervention may be particularly significant in the
financial instrument and currency markets, and can cause such
markets to move up or down rapidly.
Leverage And Other Speculative Investment Practices Add Risk:
Managed futures managers typically employ some degree of leverage
through a number of measures which could increase any loss incurred. The
more leverage employed, the more likely a substantial change will occur,
either up or down, in the value of the investment. Futures’ trading
normally requires low margin deposits to permit an extremely high degree
of leverage. This margin requirement may be increased or decreased from
time to time by the exchange or the government. Funds involved in
futures trading often experience immediate and substantial losses or
gains due to relatively small movements in the price of a futures
contract.
Markets Can Be Illiquid:
At times, it may not be possible for investment managers to obtain
execution of a buy or sell order at the desired price or to liquidate an
open position, either due to market conditions on exchanges or due to
the operation of "daily price fluctuation limits" or
"circuit breakers". For example, most U.S. commodity exchanges
limit fluctuations in most futures contract prices during a single day
by regulations referred to as "daily price fluctuation limits"
or "daily limits."
During a single trading day, no trades may be executed at prices
beyond the daily limit. Futures contract prices occasionally have moved
to the daily limit for several consecutive days with little or no
trading.
Even when futures prices have not moved to the daily limit, the
managed futures manager might not be able to obtain execution of trades
at favorable prices if little trading in the contracts which the
investment manager wishes to trade is taking place. Also, an exchange or
governmental authority may suspend or restrict trading on an exchange
(or in particular futures traded on an exchange) or order the immediate
settlement of a particular instrument. Options trading may be restricted
in the event that trading in the underlying instrument becomes
restricted.
Options trading also may be illiquid at times regardless of the
condition of the market in the underlying instrument. In either event,
it will be difficult for the managed futures manager to realize gain or
limit losses on option positions by offsetting them or to change
positions in the market.
Counterparty Risk:
Another risk with regard to trading in managed futures is what is
called counterparty risk. This occurs when trading in over-the-counter
(OTC) derivative instruments is conducted with individual counterparties
rather than on organized exchanges. There have been periods during which
forward contract dealers have refused to quote prices for forward
contracts or have quoted prices with an unusually wide spread between
the bid and asked price. This can lead to severe losses if cash is
required immediately, and the selling party has to dump the contract
immediately.
Source: Much of the information for this article was sourced from
Man Investments, Inc.